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Title
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Qin Changzuo Crossbow Mechanism
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Collection Location
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Shanghai Museum
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Date
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Three Kingdoms period (220CE - 280CE)
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Location
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China
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Description
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This crossbow mechanism held by the Shanghai museum is dated to the three kingdoms period. Its specific location of unearthing is not listed.
The mechanism is made of bronze and it comprises most of the typical parts of a Chinese crossbow mechanism. The long rectangular protrusion at the top of the mechanism is the sight, or wangshan (望山). The two small hooks sticking out in front of the sight are a part of the same component as the wangshan and serve as the nut, or ya (牙). The rectangular handle at the bottom of the mechanism is the trigger, or xuandao (悬刀), and within the bronze casing, or guo (郭) there is a sear, or gouxin (钩心), which hangs exposed from the mechanism in this photo, connecting the sight and nut and the trigger. The mechanism is held together by two bronze axle pins. The top surface of the bronze casing has a groove that goes down the middle which would continue onto the wooden stock of the crossbow. This groove would be where the arrow rests during drawing and aiming. The surface of the mechanism has been corroded and oxidised.
The museum names this specimen “Qin Changzuo Crossbow Mechanism”. “Qin Changzuo” in this name is likely the name of the craftsman or owner of the crossbow mechanism. This information could have been deduced from an engraving present on the mechanism itself but not visible in the given photo, or through using archaeological context
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Source
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Shanghai Museum
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Crossbow Top Measurements
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Measurements not listed
